… are used to split RF input signals evenly into two or more ports. They do not provide isolation between the output ports and therefore are typically not suited for use as a combiner.
Wilkinson Splitter/Combiners
… are used to split RF input signals evenly into two or more output ports. With high output port-port isolation, Wilkinson devices can be used for dividing AND combining - However, special care must be taken to not cause damage by combining high power signals.
Hybrid Couplers
… are used to combine multiple RF signals into one (or more) common outputs. Unlike Wilkinson Splitter/Combiners, hybrid couplers feature an external load port, allowing higher power signals to be combined.
Directional Couplers
… are ‘uneven splitter/combiners’. In other words, use a Directional Coupler to feed a branch line by coupling or ‘tapping’ a small amount of signal from the main coaxial transmission line.
Unused Ports
All ports need to be connected to 50 Ohms. Any unused ports should terminated with a “dummy” resistive coaxial load or cable load.